Plantar fasciitis can be painful. So the last thing you want is to make it worse. The problem is, what you do — from your diet to your everyday habits — can inadvertently aggravate this inflammatory foot issue. Nelya Lobkova, DPM, a New York City-based podiatrist at Step Up Footcare, shares the most common mistakes that may flare up your foot pain and explains how to prevent or at least help relieve plantar fasciitis.
What Causes Plantar Fasciitis?
The plantar fascia is a bowstring-shaped band of tissue that extends from the heel to the ball of the foot, supporting the arch of your foot and absorbing shock, per the Mayo Clinic. Over time, strain and stress from overuse (like long-distance running) or faulty foot mechanics (like flat feet) can damage the plantar fascia, causing small tears that result in inflammation and pain.
Mistake: Not Drinking Enough Water
A lack of H2O affects just about every system and part of your body, and your plantar fascia is no different. "Dehydration can lead to diminishing the lubricant fluid around tendons and ligaments that prevent overuse injuries," Dr. Lobkova says. This translates to potential micro-tearing and scarring of the plantar fascia, she says.
Fix it: "Drinking six to eight ounces of water every few hours is a good trend to follow to prevent dehydration," Dr. Lobkova says. But you may need more H2O if you're active and perspiring a lot. "Sweating creates a loss of water in the body that needs to be replenished," she says.
Mistake: Bouncing When You Stretch Your Calves
While calf-stretching is a stellar way to get some relief from plantar fascia pain, improper technique can trigger more discomfort. Case in point: bouncing. "The act of bouncing while stretching the calf puts extra weight on the Achilles tendon and the heel bone," Dr. Lobkova says. "This can aggravate plantar fasciitis because it adds a weighted strain on the inflamed fascia."
Fix it: "Instead of bouncing, try to hold a calf or Achilles stretch for 10 seconds," Dr. Lobkova says.
Mistake: Walking Barefoot
You might think walking barefoot is NBD, but if you're struggling with plantar fasciitis, going shoeless can sabotage your foot health.
"Ambulating barefoot on hardwood or tile flooring, which has minimum shock absorption, could lead to multiple foot and ankle issues," Dr. Lobkova says. That's because your heel is the area of the foot that takes on the most body weight. "Thus, barefoot walking at home increases the likelihood of developing plantar fasciitis, inflammation and tearing of the insertion of the fascia at the heel bone," she explains.
Fix it: Stick to shoes. "Instead of walking barefoot (even at home), consider a cushioned sneaker or slide to provide adequate shock absorption," Dr. Lobkova says.
Mistake: Doing High-Impact Exercise
Your high-impact workouts can be harming your heels. "High-impact exercise, like running, places three times the body weight on our feet, including the heel," Dr. Loblova says. "The increase in weight on the heel can lead to or worsen plantar fasciitis by increasing inflammation in the plantar fascia."
Fix it: "I advise trying low-impact exercise such as yoga or Pilates if you're experiencing plantar fasciitis," Dr. Lobkova says. Another option is riding a stationary bike.
Plus, with low-impact movements such as downward dog, you get the added benefit of stretching and lengthening the hamstring and calf tendon, she says.
Mistake: Working Out in Your Everyday Sneakers
While having one pair of sneakers for the gym and everyday life is convenient, it's not the best strategy when it comes to preventing plantar fasciitis pain.
For starters, "working out in the same shoes you wear outside the gym contributes to wear and tear of the shoe," Dr. Lobkova says. And, as we know, a worn-out shoe can be bad for your feet. "In addition, many casual sneakers are usually flat (zero heel to toe drop) and flimsy (not supportive)," she says. This lack of shoe support and cushion becomes even more problematic when you're working out and likely putting more stress on your feet.
Fix it: Ideally, you should have two separate sets of sneakers: one for casual, everyday use and another for the gym (we know this can be costly).
But no matter what activity you wear them for, your sneakers should have sufficient support. Dr. Lobkovas suggests that people with plantar fasciitis should aim to buy sneakers with:
- Extra rigidity in the sole and cushioning in the midfoot to prevent impact on the heel and associated pain
- A thick midsole or rocker bottom to redistribute plantar pressures
- A firm heel counter (the back part of the heel surrounding the Achilles insertion) to minimize abnormal stretching of the plantar fascia and diminish pain and inflammation in the heel and arch of the foot